Ash Carter Funeral - Ashton B. Carter, a longtime adviser on nuclear and strategic policies who served as defense secretary in the last years of the Obama administration, helped open military combat roles for women and oversee the Pentagon's ties to Silicon Valley, died on October 24. Boston. He was 68.
In the year Mr Carter's press secretary Peter Cook, who served as Pentagon chief since February 2015, confirmed his death until President Barack Obama left office in January 2017. "
Ash Carter Funeral
A Rhodes Scholar and theoretical physicist, Mr. Carter served in the military. But he has played an important role in shaping defense policies for more than three decades — including trying to stop the spread of nuclear technology after the fall of the Soviet Union and redirecting Pentagon priorities against China's growing military reach in East Asia.
Former Defense Secretary Ash Carter Dies At 68 > U.s. Department Of Defense > Defense Department News
Mr. Carter led U.S. policy in the Middle East during the rise of Islamic State militants in Syria and Iraq and later became an academic researcher in counterterrorism.
He also brought great internal changes in the army. In the year In 2016, Mr. Carter opened up the armed forces to enlisting men and women, with some exceptions. The policy was repealed by the Trump administration and then reinstated by President Biden last year.
After leaving Washington, Mr. Carter became director of the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School.
Kathryn L., a military policy expert at the Center for a New American Security. "He was someone who could use his political capital to invest in human capital," Kuzminski said.
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Mr. Carter's decision to open the war accounts to women in the U.S. reaffirmed a policy as old as the military: women can only support America's wars, not fight them. With each conflict, especially during World War II, women were increasingly able to enlist and serve in new ways.
But the exclusion of women from direct combat roles has ended many careers. Military culture places a heavy emphasis on combat experience among its leaders, and the ban effectively shut down the advancement in which men had always excelled. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan challenged institutional wisdom.
The front lines melted away, many non-combatant soldiers were exposed to danger in a way they had never faced before, and women were grouped together and brought into direct contact with female civilians. Religious ceremonies. Operations mean that many women take the same risks as men, often without the same level of combat training as men.
In the year In 2013, then-Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said he would lift the ban, allowing the military to re-enact the policy for two years. Mr. Carter ushered in a new era, allowing women to serve in any capacity in the infantry and at higher ranks such as Green Berets and Navy SEALs.
Ashton Carter, Obama Secretary Of Defense, Dies At 68
This move was opposed by some of their senior leaders. General Joseph F. Dunford Jr., the top Marine Corps officer at the time, suggested that certain jobs, such as machine gunners, remain closed to women.
"Americans who want to serve and meet our standards should have the opportunity to compete to do so," Mr. Carter said in 2016. Fitness to serve prevents us from recruiting or retaining soldiers, sailors, airmen, or sailors who can best fulfill the mission.
Mr. Carter wrote in his 2019 book, "Inside the Five-Sided Box: A Lifetime of Leadership Lessons at the Pentagon," that he allowed Dunford, then chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, not to appear with him. Advertisement "I don't want Joe to get in the way," wrote Mr. Carter, who honors Dunford.
"The impact on our national security and future public servants will be lasting," Dunford wrote in an email to The Washington Post.
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Mr. Carter emphasized how the military must move quickly to harness the power of American innovation and bring new technologies to the battlefield.
In the year In 2015, he launched DIUx, now known as the Defense Innovation Unit, to partner with Silicon Valley to explore new business technologies with military applications.
While serving as the Pentagon's No. 2, Mr. Carter in 2012 created the Office of Strategic Capabilities, a high-level unit focused on accelerating technological solutions to battlefield problems outside the conventional defense treaty, reversing the process.
However, Mr Carter also acknowledged the growing problem with the use of defense systems that rely on automation, including artificial intelligence. In an article published this year, Mr. Carter considered a scenario in which an AI-guided airstrike accidentally killed civilians.
Former Defense Secretary Ash Carter Dead At 68
"And if I answered a clear and legitimate question about responsibility: - It's very sad, but it's not our fault: the machine did it," he wrote. "This response is considered unacceptable and unethical."
Mr. Carter took over as Secretary of Defense. Former leaders expressed frustration at being micromanaged by the White House. Mr. Carter recalled that he shared such concerns in his 2019 book. But he blamed White House "staff munks" and "ideologies" for creating infighting.
Mr. Carter said in his memo that White House officials with "mixed levels of knowledge and experience" sometimes suggested ideas in meetings. "I started playing with little tin soldiers," he said.
The stakes were high. Mr Carter became head of the Pentagon as the US-led coalition worked to retake Iraq and Syria from Islamic State.
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Some analysts questioned at the time whether Mr. Carter, a policy expert with no military experience, could manage such an important and potentially consequential campaign. But in the coming months, Islamic State was pushed out of much of its territory, with Mr. Carter arguing for opening the United States to destroy the terrorist group's "parental nodes" in the Iraqi city of Mosul and the Syrian city of Raqqa.
The effort relied on a US-led air war in support of local forces, which were being aided by US special forces over time. The plan is a departure from previous US wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, where thousands of US troops have been killed, only for insurgents to regain control.
"During my first few weeks on the job, I gradually came to the conclusion that the United States and its allies lacked a comprehensive plan for success." “We didn't have clear objectives or a consistent chain of command. Americans, Europeans and Middle Easterners saw this and did not believe in our success.
In a statement, Obama praised Mr. Carter as an "innovator and a stronger, smarter, more humane and more effective military service for a long time."
Carter Hosts Australian Prime Minister For Defense Cooperation Talks > U.s. Indo Pacific Command > 2015
Mr. Carter can sometimes show flashes of anger — or what some critics interpret as intellectual arrogance. At a White House meeting, a member of the National Security Council dropped a surprise memo in front of Mr. Carter outlining a proposed timetable for an immediate decision on the Guantanamo Bay detainee.
Carter wrote in the memoir, "This method of documenting people without warning and scrutiny - the so-called 'table dropping' - has always been offensive to me." "It violates all the rules of due process and fair dealing."
Mr. Carter picked up the paper, crumpled it into a ball, and tossed it to a White House staffer.
Ashton Baldwin Carter was born on September 24, 1954 in Philadelphia and raised in suburban Abington. In the year He graduated from Yale in 1976 with a double major in physics and medieval history. He then became involved in research on subatomic particles known as quarks.
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As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied theoretical physics at Oxford University and received his PhD in 1979. In the year He continued his research in theoretical physics in the United States before moving to Harvard University in 1986 and later became director of the Science Center and John F. in International Affairs at the Kennedy School of Government.
Mr. Carter is survived by his wife of 15 years, Stephanie (DeLaugh) Carter, and two children, a son Will and daughter Ava from his first marriage to Clayton Spencer from 1983 to 2006, he said.
Mr. Carter joined the Bill Clinton administration as assistant secretary of defense for international security policy from 1993 to 1996, working on initiatives including negotiating the withdrawal of nuclear weapons from the former Soviet republics of Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan.
Mr. Carter left Washington to work on counterterrorism projects and analysts. During Obama's first term in office, he first served as deputy secretary of defense, technology and logistics. He oversaw the proliferation of military vehicles known as MRAPs, which have a special V-shaped hull designed to better withstand roadside bombs and other attacks.
Ash Carter, Former U.s. Defense Secretary And Harvard Kennedy School Professor, Dies At 68
Some MRAPs had already been deployed, but progress was slow even as US casualties continued to mount. Mr. Carter, Secretary of Defense Robert M. With Gates' approval, the normal acquisition process is halted. (Mr. Carter
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